Although the full German word for Flak comes from WW1, the term in English is WW2. In WW1 it was known as Archie, apparently from the song "Archibald, certainly not!", sung whilst flying through it, but the term did not outlast the war (at least, significantly). Another common term in WW2 was Ack Ack, which comes from the phonetic alphabet Ack Beer Charlie - AA for Anti Aircraft guns. I'm not sure when flak replaced Ack Ack, but not until well into the war or perhaps even postwar for full replacement. Nowadays it is used for almost any kind of criticism.
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