relevant excerpt from the New Yorker article:

A Lonesome Death
by David Simon January 26, 2009

In February of 1963, twenty-four-year-old William Zantzinger, armed with a toy carnival cane and wrecked on whiskey, made a spectacle of himself at the Spinsters' Ball at the Emerson Hotel in Baltimore. He was a drunken country mouse in the big city, at a time when the notion of racial equality had barely shown itself in the neighborhood of his father's tobacco farm. When the hotel's black waitstaff was slow to serve Zantzinger another drink, he yelled racial epithets at Hattie Carroll, a barmaid and a fifty-one-year-old mother of eleven, and he rapped her on the shoulder with his cane. She became upset, then collapsed and died of a stroke.

Bob Dylan read about the case in the newspaper. He wrote the magnificent "Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll" with the paper splayed on the table of a Seventh Avenue luncheonette. Zantzinger was then and forever after a master villain.

...... But even a dispassionate reading of the facts of the case leads one to conclude that Dylan took great liberties. Hattie Carroll was not "slain by a cane" that was "doomed and determined to destroy all the gentle," as Dylan wrote. No physical injury was done to her, nor was there any evidence to suggest lethal intent. The medical examiner's report—citing Carroll's enlarged heart and severe hypertension—attributed her death as much to Zantzinger's verbal abuse as to the tap of his cane. Nor did Zantzinger have "high office relations in the politics of Maryland" to influence the case, as Dylan implied.
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