" The exact causes of bladder cancer are not clear" Because the exact cause of ANY cancer isn't clear.... so.... "smoking is an important avoidable cause of the disease" ... is the STOCK answer whenever the subject of cancer prevention comes up, because there seems to be a lot of evidence that it at least contributes.... But there's no way ANY doctor worth his salt will tell you "Smoking CAUSED your bladder cancer". It probably didn't HURT your chances of getting cancer, however.
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