BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 03 Apr 18 - 09:40 AM

"PS i knew you would pick up on that line"
Thanks for it Kenny - I agree wholeheartedly with it
It's like Ghandi said about Western civilisation - "it would be a good idea"
Jim Caarroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Kenny B (inactive)
Date: 03 Apr 18 - 09:33 AM

Bet that distresses the Native Americans, the Maoris and the Aboriginal people no end!!
It does and other many folks too

I blame the invention of money and the lack of birth control in the developing world and the culture of mans inhumanity to man to gain power over others.
PS i knew you would pick up on that line

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 01 Apr 18 - 08:34 PM

"USA, Canada Australia and Nnew Zealand etc wouldn't be the places they are today."
Bet that distresses the Native Americans, the Maoris and the Aboriginal people no end!!
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Gallus Moll
Date: 01 Apr 18 - 05:41 PM

I've just posted a request 'in the other place'(!) for lyrics of 'Last Vango in Harris' - a song local to the Tarbert area of Harris composed when Sir Hereward the Ladwake, new owner of the Amhuinnsuidhe Castle and estate (1968-76) took exception to the public road passing by his front windows and proposed a bypass
If anyone knows even a phrase or two, or someone who sings /sang it -- I'd really appreciate info!
(tune is Chatanooga Choo Choo) first lines are:

Pardon me boy, is this tehe Amhuinnsuidhe Bypass,
is Sir Hereward in, I've heard a lot about him....

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Kenny B (inactive)
Date: 31 Mar 18 - 03:57 PM

Wiki - Tunstall
An interesting glimpse into the "Wild West" and a possible reason for the "keep one step ahead of your rival" attitude of the NRA.
The people who live in the past but exist in the present.
When will they ever learn,
when will they ever learn,

However if it hadn't been for the European clearances the USA, Canada Australia and Nnew Zealand etc wouldn't be the places they are today.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 31 Mar 18 - 12:57 PM

This is what wiki says.but how accurate it is....?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tunstall

Anyway to get vaguely on track again. In the late 19th century legislation was introduced to establish crofts in the area of the clearances. This was in response to landowners trying to force leaseholders off the out-bye common land. As the existing holdings were already overcrowded and inadaquate to provide enough without secondary income, then fishing and kelp harvesting was encouraged/forced. With a downturn in the kelp market these factors combined to "force" the government to act, after a series of protests. These protests eventually led to the crofting (brief history) legislation that exists today.

As a complete aside a planning application was granted in December last year for commercial kelp harvesting to occur in Bantry Bay. There has been opposition both on the initial scale of the enterprise and that the application was passed, allegedly, without all interested parties being fully involved.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 31 Mar 18 - 12:08 PM

"I've always heard/read that John Tunstall was an Englishman."
You may be right - might well have been a Hollywood re-invention
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: meself
Date: 31 Mar 18 - 10:05 AM

I've always heard/read that John Tunstall was an Englishman.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: The Sandman
Date: 31 Mar 18 - 04:08 AM

people will always discuss and argue regardless of business.
"my problem is that the profit motive is now destroying the planet" very true,Mr Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 06:44 PM

'Those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it.'or simply, 'history repeats'.
Learning from history requires understand it - not ignoring or distorting it
"I'm sure many of the Clearance issues were played out in the new territories."
I've never checked the dates but I seem to remember that the murder of Billy the Kid's Scots benefactor, John Tunstall, during the Lincoln County Cattle War set Billy on his killing spree (he was depicted as a Scot (with a lousy Scots accent) in one of the films anyway).
Sadly, one of historical leaders of the most vicious groups of Klansmen, still active, was from emigré Scots stock
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: robomatic
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 05:22 PM

I remember the modification: "History does NOT repeat itself, but it often rhymes."

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 04:07 PM

In remembering these issues are we more likely to resurrect old enmities or are we more able to lay them to rest and avoid further injustices?
Depends on whether you believe the aphorism:'Those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it.'or simply, 'history repeats'.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: robomatic
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 02:15 PM

I have nothing relevant to say on the subject of clearances or land seizures in Scotland or Ireland. I'll look for the BBC airing mentioned above and the performance about "Cheviot, " etc.

This reminds me of the theme of land use that recurs in various U.S. Westerns (movies)- That cattlemen sought open range for their herds, and farmers fenced off the range and thus the 'range wars' were started. In many movies the cattle baron hires gunmen to terrorize farmers, many of whom are immigrants. "Shane" is a prime example. These issues also are involved in delineating western territories as they petition for Statehood in the U.S.

Considering the great number of immigrants to the U.S. from the British Isles, Scotland, and Ireland, I'm sure many of the Clearance issues were played out in the new territories.

In remembering these issues are we more likely to resurrect old enmities or are we more able to lay them to rest and avoid further injustices?

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 01:06 PM

"If there was no profit there would be no businesses,"
So if there were no businesses we wouldn't need food, clothing or housing
I'm not against businesses per se - my problem is that the profit motive is now destroying the planet - it has always been the cause of mass poverty
Nor am I suggesting there should be no profit - what happens to that profit is a different matter
THe present situation cannot continue
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Gutcher
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 12:32 PM

The Irish Times article referred to above states that folk were unaware of the damage likely to be caused by blanket conifer tree planting in the 1950s. Surely some mistake there as I can still remember a science lesson from 1950 pointing out all the problems associated with this type of forestry, most of which have proved correct.
Take the Galloway hills-prior to being covered by sitka spruce and other none native species the lochs and lochans were famed for their fishing--as the poet puts it "where for everyin we hooked Jhone, we could"ve tane a score or mair" Now I understand from fishers these same lochs and lochans are bereft of fish due to the feeder streams running of the forests either poisoning the fish or not containing the feeding required to sustain them.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Bonzo3legs
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 12:28 PM

And no one who is useless should expect to be employed, employers only need good people.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 12:21 PM

If there was no profit there would be no businesses, no commercial agriculture and a hell of a lot less argumentative people. FACT!

I presume you have a bottle of fairy dust to sprinkle, to create some new economic model that can survive without profit.
Thus far it is only bankers and fiat currency that can perform apparent magic,
and we all suffer as a result.

Do you not think commuters get on their bikes? You have a funny view of the world where everyone is entitled to a job based in a shed at the bottom of the garden.
No one has the right to demand a job. If your skills do not suit the market then retrain. I have had to so, do not expect any sympathy from me.
About time you gave up your aspirations towards a socialist utopia, it is not going to happen. Life ain't fair. Deal with it, instead of constantly bleating.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 10:34 AM

"The picture is not as black as you paint."
How do you know this ?
You support the "profits before people" policy and you wear your predatory politics on your sleeve, so anything you say has to be taken with that pinch of salt
I really do think we're finished here - let's get back to when the authorities used the police and the army to drive people from their homes rather than unemployment, land destruction and big business
While the latter wave of clearances of the Highlands were taking place, the survivors of the Irish Famine were being driven out of their homes in their millions and the Welsh similarly were being forced to emigrate to South America because of their demand for human rights
Even English workers, like the potters of Staffordshire were being forced to emigrate to feed their families.
All this was covered brilliantly by Phillip Donellan's documentary 'Passage West' and Terry Coleman's book 'Passage to America
Nowadays, workers itinerancy has been re-introduced by us being told to "get on our bikes to seek for work"
It really is time that patching up a dying system is replaced by one that works for all the inhabitants of these islands
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Gutcher
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 10:12 AM

Clearances still take place--during our last visit to Croik Kirk my late wife and I got speaking to the wife of the nearest farmer to that monument. She informed us that they were having to leave the farm at the November Term and that her husbands family had farmed the farm for over a hundred years--it seems that a consortium composed of southern politicians and sportspeople had purchased the estate and that a renewal of their lease had been refused.It was her understanding that the new owners would be planting trees.
During my next visit to relatives in that airt I must pay another visit to Croik Kirk and check the changes to the landscape for myself.

Another place where a complete clearance of the indigenous people has taken place within the past 25 years was the estate of Balnagowan in Easter Ross. The first action Al Fyad took when he purchased that property was the removal of twenty-two families, some whose ancestors had resided there for generations.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 09:43 AM

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/environment/planting-trees-is-good-for-the-environment-right-1.2575489

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 09:41 AM

Jim the only business that I know that can run year on year at a loss is a Labour government. Probably the EU as well, but as they have never allowed an audit of their books it is anybodies guess. But I know which way I would place a bet!
If grazing no longer occurred those open areas would soon be taken over by scrub and woodland. Whether serried ranks of conifers are the correct response to barren land is another discussion. They allow little light, little decay and do no favours to the soil. It is also true to say some many plantations created up to the sixties would probably not be allowed to day. Back then ecology was merely a word, now it is a profession.But trees are carbon sinks, but draining bogs to plant trees also releases copious quantities of carbon. Leaving the brash to decay also releases carbon. harvesting can also create problems. A plantation next to an adjacent salmon river had the felling halted because surface runoff, from heavy machinery tracks, was putting too higher silt/clay burden in the river during spawning.
In the not too distant past such a consideration would have been ignored. Difficult to dodge when the Environmental Agency is on the case, and a good thing they are. The picture is not as black as you paint.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 08:48 AM

"Jim No one denies that modern farming has faults "
It's not really modern farming that is the problem - debatable as that is.
It's the philosophy that "if it's not profitable, it's not worth doing"
Farmers who worked their land looked after it, not out of ecological consciousness necessarily, but out of self-preservation
Employees of internationals don't do that and their employers certainly their duty is as quick a profit turnover as possible, whatever the cost to the environment.
It was local knowledge in North Norfolk that the land was being farmed by the multis with a view that it would only be viable for about five years before it became unplantable through overuse - even the chemicals that were used had a time-limit.
Afforestation in that beautiful land north of Locherbie, in the borders was carried out knowing that the sheddings from the trees would poison the land for future use for decades to come
That is our children's inheritance - a wasteland created for profit
Doesn't suit me, I'm afraid
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 08:07 AM

Thank you Senoufou. May you inject reasoned observations in further threads.

Jim No one denies that modern farming has faults but I think if you made even a superficial study of the burden of modern CAP legislation on farming you would recognise numerous attempts to address environmental concerns that have become progressively more onerous as time goes by.
For young farmers(under35) to get a start in farming, and be eligible for payments, a basic level of agriculturual training is required.To use a spray requires a certificate indicating a basic level of competance. Watercourses must be fenced to keep cattle out, Vast areas of private land are now designated SAC, protecting everything from bog to hen harriers. The list goes on....

The situation is not the black/white, good/bad that you attempt to portray. It is far more complex. Having purchased farms, I do have a slight grasp of the issues.

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/db_gis/index_en.htm

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 06:24 AM

Nice to know something is happening in Norfolk at last Sen but you are some way inland, if I remember rightly
Where Walter lived was once rich, productive farmland, his family worked on the last of the big farms in the area.
We spent hours walking with him, talking about the changes, bot in the countryside and the local towns
He described how the population had shrunk to the point that even the pubs had disappeared apart from those that could draw a living from tourism - the minute children reached working age, they moved out - the lucky ones to Norwich, but mainly to London.
in the Wineretime, towns like Cromer and Yarmouth became ghost-towns
My sister describes the picture in Somerset as being similar
Jim

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 06:06 AM

If you want to challenge local farming knowledge of the area, take it up with the residents
I find little sense in continuing this topic with someone who obviously has no experience of the area and regards farming as a source of profit rather than a means of feeding the population
I suggest we leave it there as it is only marginally relevant to the subject in hand
Let's move on and please, make more of an effort to keep our disagreements civil
We might punch it out on some threads, but this is not one of those
As I say, if you can't suppress your abusive behaviour, take it elsewhere (the local gym maybe!)
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Senoufou
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 05:59 AM

Well I live in Norfolk and have done for forty years, and in a sense you're all right. There has been much soil erosion due to hedge removal to allow access for the combines, agricultural overuse of the land and chemical fertilisers, weed killers, herbicides and so on. The earth has become compressed by the heavy machinery. But I haven't seen much land abandoned or left to itself.
I know of two such examples, cheerfully called 'set-aside', and I reckon there will be housing plonked on them in due course.

I know three farmers, two in our village and one out near Great Snoring, and they all view farming as a commercial concern. They aren't particularly interested in wildlife, nature or conservation.

BUT there has been much re-planting of hedges (farmers are paid handsomely for each young sapling put in!) and many fields now have the uncultivated belt around the edges for wildlife encouragement.

Our village apiarist (he has numerous hives in many fields around our village) says that his bees are fine and he's quite optimistic about their future.
Finally, there has been much renewed activity in clearing drainage ditches and maintaining the water control of the land lately.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 05:18 AM

"The result of this was that, after a time the topsoil was blasted way by the east wind, leaving the area useless for crop-growth
virtually all the east Norfolk coast is now a second-home commuter area which has its own problems as the holiday homes along the coast are now falling into the sea due to coastal erosion.
The land is now longer regarded as valuable for farming so the drains and small rivers are not looked after unless they have a tourist value for boats."

If you want to call the above rational, it is not unreasonable for me to request proof. I can find nothing to support your statement that the land in Norfolk is useless for crop growth. In fact land prices suggest a total opposite. How   do you explain the prices paid for useless land. Your story is a total fabrication.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 04:49 AM

" If you tried posting rational statements"
My arguments are rational whether you agree with them or not
You obviously are aware of that as, instead of posting rational argument, you respond with personal abuse to which you have now added racism
I suggest you read what you have just written here before you talk about rationality
I have no intention of spoiling this thread with this argument only to add that you have added a number of posting to my intended list of examples of your abusive behaviour
If you are unable to conduct yourself in a intelligent adult manner, you have no place on a debating forum
Finis
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 30 Mar 18 - 04:29 AM

Jim you can do whatever you like. If you tried posting rational statements and not sweeping generalisations and gross exaggerations you arguments may sometimes have merit. However you admirably demonstrate that this is well beyond your capabilities. Also every time you have to dredge up the famine and how hard done by the Irish are and how there is no industry left in Britain and how often you have to change lightbulbs. If you were masquerading as a sparky I would have thought changing lightbulbs was part and parcel of the job. Do us all a favour and stop behaving like a spoilt brat every time someone has the audacity to disagree with you.

" As soon as you see farming the land as a business that must make profits you are arguing for ecological devastation"

That has to be a naive, barking mad view even for a raving sandal wearing socialist. If the business is breakeven it is a charity and if it makes a loss it is a basket case. What makes you think agriculture is any different to any other business? Does it run on magic so it can run at a loss every year. Do combines and tractors fall out of the sky like manna from heaven? Your statement is utterly ridiculous.

I suggest you look at one or two CAP directives. Agriculture is far from the free for all you make it out to be. Each time a procedure or process is demonstrated to be harmful it becomes tightly regulated or legislated against.(eg the banning of azulam for bracken control by the EU)

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 07:25 PM

"With a bad harvest you had famine, and the basic diet was potage"
Are you serious ?
Under British rule during the Famine in Ireland, there was enough food in Ireland to feed four-times the population, locked in warehouses under armed guards or being shipped to Britain to be sold there
Peel's Government set up a workhouse system tp feed the poor, but Russell's Tory administration closed them and adopted a laissez faire system whereby food was sold to teh starving populace at market prices.
The religious maniac in charge of managing the famine, Sir Charles Trevelyan, announced that it was "God's punishment on the indolent Irish" - a million died and another million were forced to emigrate
There hasn't been a serious enough famine in Western Europe to not grown sufficient food for the population for very many centuries - all major hardship is the result of profiteering and greed-manipulated economies
The workers were the cause of our industries disappearing - and you say I'm living in the past
I've been called out on many occasions to get electrical supplies going for our good and great because they are incapable of replacing a fuse or replacing a light bulb
Give us a break
Wr live under a predatory economy where it is cheaper to lay off British workers and ship in goods from countries working under slave-like conditions - our system is now responsible for reintroducing slavery into teh British economy by proxy
It seems you no longer have control of your behaviour - if you ever had
Your racism has re-surfaced as has your personal abuse
You appear to revel in self-humiliation - always happy to oblige a friend
Would you like to choose which thread I put up your first list or will you leave that to me?
Have you really no self respect?
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: wysiwyg
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 07:00 PM

I was ignorant of all of this until stumbling into it via a George MacDonald novel (free audiobook at Librivox): What's Mine
's Mine. Awful!

~S~

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Steve Shaw
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 05:33 PM

Well, Iains, your take on agriculture, if implemented, would be devastating. As soon as you see farming the land as a business that must make profits you are arguing for ecological devastation. If it moves, kill it. There will be some chemical whose name ends in -cide that will do the job. Efficiency means ripping out hedges that take up space and force your massive combine to make uneconomical turns. Efficiency means using neonicotinoid insecticides. They will increase your profit but wipe out bees. Don't waste money ploughing in those winter weeds: diquat will do the job. Stop worrying about the impact on bird and insect life of your planting hundreds of acres with winter Barley or elephant grass.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Gutcher
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 05:01 PM

A slight {very} modern balancing of the odds.
My late friend Gregor, his was the first croft on the right as you left Kingussie, heading north, sitting at his breakfast one morning answered a knock at the door,the gentleman there introduced himself to Gregor as his new landlord--come away in ma mannie an sit ye doon--too early for a dram? weel am shair ye"ll tack a cup o tea.
The tea being duly poured the new landlord set about the business he had in hand:- Mr McKenzie I am offering the crofters on my estate the chance to buy their crofts and the price to you for your place will be £76,000, this I am sure you will consider a great bargain, never to be repeated. Aye aye laddie I"ll jist buy the bit placie an he raxed doon fae ahint the tea caddie his cheque book, wrote out a cheque and passed it over-saying jist hae yer man o business send on the title deeds please.
Whats this Mr McKenzie--this cheque is for the sum of £1200 surely you have made a great mistake--naa, naa ma mannie nae mistake on my pairt bir a great yin on your legal advisors, aam jalousin they come fae the sooth side o the Tweed aan haenae a richt unerstaunin o croftin legislation which states that a crofter mun pay 14 times his annual rent for the purchase of his croft.
I thank you for your time maa man an look forward tae bein a laird like yersel---guid mornin tae ye.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Dave the Gnome
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 04:15 PM

...a good indication of how well...

Curse you, Kindle!

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Dave the Gnome
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 04:13 PM

We are, as ever, seeing polar opposites when, in fact, the best option lies somewhere in between. East is East and West is West and ne'er the twain shall meet. Sigh.

What does not seem to be addressed in the discussion of anti English feeling in Scotland is the fact that it stems from repression of the Scots by rich landowners. What those who despise the English seem to miss is that the English peasantry were just as repressed. This should never have been a national issue but a class issue. The fact that it still goes on is a good induction of his well the ruling classes have controlled those they rule!

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 03:52 PM

"That hits the nail on the head - at one time it had somthiung to do with feeding the people - no more"

Yes. The good old days when subsistence agriculture ruled ok. With a bad harvest you had famine, and the basic diet was potage. Be interesting to see how Britain could feed itself by breaking up all the farms into smaller units, could be a bit of a problem especially in the greater London area of 35million. What are you going to do? rip up the tarmac? That becomes contaminated ground as soon as you break it out.
Zimbabwe offers a fine blueprint as to what happens when you destroy the big farms. After thinking long and hard I cannot see any other purpose for agriculture , other than feeding people. Perhaps you can enlighten me?
"devastating effect widespread afforestation is causing in the Borders"
Sure is! In Ireland besides the basic farm payment you get around 250euros/ha for 15 years for planting hardwoods. Yeah really devastating!gimme more.
"I've given you the facts of Norfolk based on talking to people there, I've given you the facts of The Somerset Levels" Facts that need severe qualification to make any kind of sense-as I have pointed out!
"as with our coal and steel and shipbuilding... and all the other industries we've lost" This is a hoary old favourite of yours. You know full well you are spouting absolute bollocks on this subject.
If you had your way all our traditional industries would be going full pelt and their output rusting on the docks because the heavily subsidised workforce made everything too expensive for anyone to want to buy. Your socialist utopia is an economic nightmare. It ain't ever going to happen, so why not just forget the idea. You roll out the same nonsense week after week.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 02:29 PM

"You seem to constantly overlook one vital fact: Farming is a business and needs to turn a profit to survive."
That hits the nail on the head - at one time it had somthiung to do with feeding the people - no more - we rely on foreigners to do that now as with our coal and steel and shipbuilding... and all the other industries we've lost
I've given you the facts of Norfolk based on talking to people there, I've given you the facts of The Somerset Levels
I could have gone on and talked about the devastating effect widespread afforestation is causing in the Borders (represented superbly in MacColl's Tenant farmer (he took the facts of that from local farmers)
Profit is now more important than people - that goes for housing as well
!If you lived on a farm, instead of a bog, "
Your racist streak is never far from the surface is it
I should have that list ready for you by the week-end, then I can start on another
Plenty to choose from
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 02:22 PM

When I lived in Sussex on a farm in the early 50's, hedgerow clearance was occurring. The first combine arrived on the farm after these hedgerow removals. Nothing new in making the fields size suit the machinery. Soil erosion is a fact of life in the UK especially in eastern England, yet farmland in norfolk still makes up to £9000 acre.
No sane person will pay that sort of money for sterile land so you are obviously exaggerating as usual. The underlying geology and superficials dictate the value of the ground and Norfolk contains the Brecklands and Broads that are largely subject to EU conservation directives. Cliff erosion has nothing to do with agriculture. it has been a feature of life on that coastline since Dogger was breached thousands of years ago.
"Without modern (ie Multinational) agriculture Britain would be forced to return to the land and produce its own food - which historically, it has always done exceedingly well rather than shipping it in from abroad"
In reality it has not done exceedingly well since significant wheat imports occurred around 1820. You seem to think there was some sort of golden age when jam butties grew on trees. Try feeding today's UK population with peasant techniques and see how far you get.
Internal drainage boards encompass nearly 10% of England's farmland and include 50% of all generating capacity and the UK's largest port.
Decisions are made on the basis of maximum benefit and cost. This also applies to sea defences. Not everyone can expect to be protected.
If you buy a cliff edge house you must be particularly brain dead to assume cliff failure cannot ever occur. Similarly for living in low lying areas and assuming floods on impact others.
As far as job opportunities are concerned Norman Tebbit phrased it rather well. He said "get on yer Bike". In my case I got on a jet(frequently) Away continuously for 2.5 years on my first job in SE Asia, and for 6 months in Borneo on my last job.
   You seem to constantly overlook one vital fact: Farming is a business and needs to turn a profit to survive.Wearing rose tinted specs and hugging the nearest tree will not change that harsh reality.
It is also a fact of life that holdings tend to increase in size over time to benefit from economies of scale, otherwise they go under.
If you lived on a farm, instead of a bog, you might obtain some slight glimmer of understanding. Only in socialist magic blunder land does the magic money tree exist.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 12:58 PM

Incidentally
My sister and her family live in Somerset - she described how, when the flooding effected the Levels as badly as it did, many local farmers were instructed to abandon their farms and not come back because the authorities could no longer afford adequate resources to do the necessary work to clear out the long neglected land drains and rivers there
That reclaimed land is among the most arable farming land in Britain
More profitable to import again
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 12:50 PM

By the way
"Without modern agriculture, despite it's failings, most would starve to death."
Without modern (ie Multinational) agriculture Britain would be forced to return to the land and produce its own food - which historically, it has always done exceedingly well rather than shipping it in from abroad
The problem with that, of course, is there is not enough profit for those who benefit from such things
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 12:46 PM

" I would be very interested to see your sources for claiming land in Norfolk is abandoned."
We visted Norfolk to visit Walter Pardon for over twenty years - three miles from the coast
Local people told us how, in order to move in the big machines, the Multinationals removed the hedgerows in order to turn the fields into huge prairies
The result of this was that, after a time the topsoil was blasted way by the east wind, leaving the area useless for crop-growth
virtually all the east Norfolk coast is now a second-home commuter area which has its own problems as the holiday homes along the coast are now falling into the sea due to coastal erosion.
The land is now longer regarded as valuable for farming so the drains and small rivers are not looked after unless they have a tourist value for boats.
There is no work to be had other than in the catering and holiday trades, no major industries, so the youth cannot afford to live there and are forced to move inland, into the towns, or out of the county altogether
If I am living in a timewarp, you are viewing the situation through the eyes of a townie
"I think you are the one spouting nonsense. "
Snap - I think you are
"You always take a very narrow view and offer total distortion."
And you always resort to personal abuse
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 12:13 PM

Jim you are in a timewarp. I would be very interested to see your sources for claiming land in Norfolk is abandoned. At roughly £9000/acre I cannot see abandonment somehow. If you do not like modern farming, what are you going to replace it with? Slash and burn?
You always take a very narrow view and offer total distortion.
Do you seriously think modern agriculture and all the trappings of modern life would have developed from a peasantry? In your dreams!
I think you are the one spouting nonsense. Without modern agriculture, despite it's failings, most would starve to death.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 11:08 AM

"The reality is that modern farming could not exist without enclosure and this process occurred over swathes of Europe as well."
Nonsense
A large slice of enclosed land was used for private pleasure - extensions to estates for hunting and shooting
The Peak District protests exposed this fact
The Cheviot, The Stag and the Black, Black Oil did the same for the Scots seziures
"Modern farming" by the Internationals has virtually destroyed arable land in counties like Norfolk, where the land is worked for a few years and then abandoned to the elements
The workers in the new Industries of the Industrial Revolution relied on being able to supplement feeding their families by taking game from common land and even growing vegetables on it
Mass starvation, The Poaching Wars and transportation was the only result of of enclosure, not better diets
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 10:08 AM

The reality is that modern farming could not exist without enclosure and this process occurred over swathes of Europe as well.
"In Europe enclosure made little progress until the 19th century. Agreements to enclose were not unknown in Germany in the 16th century, but it was not until the second half of the 18th century that the government began to issue decrees encouraging enclosure. Even then, little advance was made in western Germany until after 1850. The same policy of encouragement by decree was followed in France and Denmark from the second half of the 18th century, in Russia after the emancipation of the serfs (1861), and in Czechoslovakia and Poland after World War I. Common rights over arable land—which constitute the most formidable obstacle to modern farming—have now for the most part been extinguished, but some European land is still cultivated in the scattered strips characteristic of common fields, and common rights continue over large areas of pasture and woodland."
The reality is that peasant farming was inefficient and not capable of generating the required level of investment to progress. Modern arable farming requires single blocks of significant hectarage to operate efficiently, strips comprising roods and perches can no longer hack it.
   It is carefully overlooked that the displaced persons also created victims. How many native peoples suffered as a result of uncontrolled immigration?

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 06:18 AM

"In the case of Ireland" land ownership came to the fore when Ireland was at its weakest
Farming was overwhelmingly a small-farm set-up
The predatory landowners used the opportunity of expanding their holdings at the time of the Famine, when farmers were unable to pay their rents - the end result was that those evicted either died at the side of the road or emigrated
When the landowners were forced to break up their estates, the government ascertained that the land was given to the wealthiest farmers, which led to the Land Wars and the cattle rustling protests
These protests officially ended in 1911, but continued in some areas up to and beyond Independence in 1922
Land seizure was always as much a political ploy - a solution to the "Irish Problem" as it was about land
It was a part of what is still referred to as "The Irish Holocaust"
Jim Carroll

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Senoufou
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 06:01 AM

Allan, I've had a beer can full of urine chucked at me at a rugby match at Murrayfield. And been spat on. I met with anti-English comments from people in Fife (Kirkcaldy) including aunts and uncles of the boyfriend.
I quickly learned to disguise my place of birth, as I said above.

My sister (a retired hospital doctor up in Perthshire) has also met with Scottish Nationalist Party aggression triggered by the fact she's not a Scot by birth, in spite of having spent over forty years up there, doing her medical training then tending to the sick.
My experiences were in the Sixties, so I'm pleased to hear you say things are different now, fifty years later.

And I can also sympathise with the Scots' attitude, having learned much about Scottish history. Between 'The Rich' and 'The English', the ordinary Scots have truly suffered many injustices over the centuries.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Iains
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 04:23 AM

In the case of Ireland commonage had a vastly different origin, resulting largely from the breakup of large estates. Many farmers in the upland areas have freehold farms but also a joint share of adjacent commonage. Where those with entitlement to graze reach agreement, these commonages are still being enclosed today. Because of CAP regulations these areas have been overstocked and understocked and are now subject to individual management plans in order to gain GLAS payments.

What happened prior to the breakup of the estates is a different story.

{Over the years the shareholders on many commonages have decided to “stripe” or split their commonage between them. In spite of this approx. 426,000 Ha of commonage remain.(total area of Ireland 6.9million Ha) Over 11,000 farms have a shareholding in one or more of the approx. 4,500 remaining commonages.}

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Allan Conn
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 03:21 AM

Removal from the land happened everywhere but that doesn't though excuse the magnitude or sheer sudden brutality of some of the Clearances. Despite people moving away, or being forced away, the population continued to rise to a high in the 1840s then there was more massive upheaval, expulsions and starvation following the potato famine. Not on the scale of Ireland but pretty devastating all the same. The population of the Highlands and Islands as a whole plummeted. So I wouldn't, or didn't mean to, downplay what happened. My only point was that as far as the forced evictions go they were for the most part carried out by the Scots landed class so it was wrong to blame "the English" as such.

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Allan Conn
Date: 29 Mar 18 - 03:01 AM

Seriously has anyone ever been flattened at a Scotland v England rugby match for shouting for either of the teams? Yes you get some bigots everywhere and I personally have had two very bad experiences in England simply because I had a Scottish accent - one ended up in an unprovoked attack on my friend who got a bottle pushed in his face. I would never suggest that meant Scots were hated in England though. It was just a bad experience. Likewise my brother-in-law from Norfolk was beaten up in Scarborough simply for being southern!! Unfortunately these things happen everywhere and they can and do happen in Scotland too.

There have actually been detailed studies of being English and living in Scotland. One was done by Dundee University and resulted in the 2003 book "Being English In Scotland" by Murray Watson. The findings were that although there were twice as many English born people in Scotland than all the other incomers put together the percentage of assaults, verbal abuse reported by English incomers was only like 5% of that reported by other incomers. You are far less likely to be abused for being English than incomers in general are likely to be abused.

Added to that the vast majority of English people (again it was over 90%) who did complain about a negative reaction to them conceded it was low level teasing about sport and politics that bothered them. I imagine that if you are an English left-winger then being blamed for voting for Margaret Thatcher might get a bit tedious.

I've seen myself how different people react though. My wife has been living here for over 30 years and has no complaints or reservations whatsoever. Her mother on the other hand has been here for over a decade and she is hyper sensitive. She sees people not cheering for an England football win as being discriminatory against her personally. The horror story she has recounted countless times was when my wife and her were visiting an old woman in hospital who said "there's one of the enemy in the next bed". Mum in Law almost saw that as positive proof that she herself was hated for being English - whereas my wife says the two patients were friendly and the old woman was simply joking in the way Edinburgh/Glasgow folk joke about each other.

So yes some people don't take so well to living in Scotland but the facts speak for themselves and something like 9% of the Scottish population are English born. There are no English areas or English ghettoes etc. English people in general fit perfectly well into Scottish society and do not in general suffer through being hated.

That is not to say there are no bigots. Of course there are - but you can't suggest the vast bulk of the population are like that!

Subject: RE: BS: Excellent Highland Clearances discussion
From: Jim Carroll
Date: 28 Mar 18 - 08:49 AM

Some time ago I gave a talk on Song and History at our local History Society
I carried out a great deal of research on the Enclosure and seizures of land in Ireland
If this is no interest - please ignore it
Jim Carroll

The seizure of what was originally common land began in England in the 14th century and became widespread in the 15th and 16th centuries. Wealthy and powerful landowners annexed huge tracts of commonage as part of their own estates, planted hedgerows and built fences around them to prevent access by members of the public.
Common land was used by working people as an essential source of food to feed their families. It was the practice, for instance, of factory workers, landless labourers or tradesmen and artisans involved in cottage industries to use common land to graze a cow or a sheep or raise poultry, even to have a small market garden. Commons were also places where a rabbit, a pheasant or even a small deer could be got to supplement the family diet.
With the closing off of the land this vital source of sustenance disappeared overnight.
The effect on rural life was devastating: it caused poverty, homelessness, and rural depopulation, and resulted in revolts in 1536, 1569, and 1607. A further wave of enclosures occurred between about 1760 and 1820.   Numerous government measures to prevent depopulation were introduced between 1489 and 1640, including the first Enclosure Act (1603), but were sabotaged by local magistrates who were usually influential landowners.
A new wave of enclosures by Acts of Parliament from 1760 to 1820 reduced the yeoman class of small landowning farmers to agricultural labourers, or forced them to leave the land altogether.   The Enclosure Acts applied to 4.5 million acres or a quarter of England. Some 17 million acres were enclosed without any parliamentary act.
It was probably the last bout of enclosures in the first half of the 19th century that inspired, not a song, but this anonymous rhyme:

The Goose And The Common.
The law locks up the man or woman
Who steals the goose from off the common,
But leaves the greater villain loose
Who steals the common from off the goose.

The law demands that we atone
When we take things we do not own,
But leaves the lords and ladies fine
Who take things that are yours and mine.

The poor and wretched don't escape
If they conspire the law to break;
This must be so, but they endure
Those who conspire to make the law.

The law locks up the man or woman
Who steals the goose from off the common,
And geese will still a common lack
Till they go and steal it back.

While the enclosures did not produce a spate of songs relating directly to the events, a side effect of the appropriation of common land provided one of the largest and most poignant bodies of songs in the English repertoire, the poaching songs. Deprived of the right to legally catch game on the old commons, the poor resorted to taking it illegally.   Many of them continued, as they had always done, to go out at night setting traps to snare rabbits and pheasants. The landowners retaliated by employing keepers to protect what they considered their inalienable right to their newly-acquired property. They also resorted to setting mantraps, large, viciously toothed spring-loaded devices capable of breaking a man’s leg and inflicting deep wounds. The response of the poachers was to go out armed and in larger numbers. This escalation led to a period of English rural history known as “The Poaching Wars”.   It worked like this. Men who had previously gone out poaching singly resorted to teaming up with others to offer resistance to the gamekeepers employed by the landowner. The landowner would, in his turn, employ more keepers and so ad infnitum. One song from the eastern county of Lincolnshire, entitled “The Rufford Park Poachers” tells of a pitched battle between forty poachers and a similar number of keepers.
On being apprehended the poachers would be tried by local landowners who would, as was to be expected, show little mercy. First offenders would usually be heavily fined, but the most common punishment for a repeating offender was transportation to the penal settlements in Australia, often for periods up to fourteen years.
The songs created on this subject cover the whole gamut of attitudes and emotions: despair, anger, defiance, repentance even a boisterous humour, but to my mind among the best of them is the one popularly found in East Anglia.   Entitled simply “Van Dieman’s Land”, it deals with an event taking place in Warwickshire on Squire Dunhill’s (sometimes Donniell’s or Daniel’s) Estate. In my opinion it is a perfect example of a narrative English traditional song, and what makes it so good is its matter-of-fact presentation of the events. It tells how four young men go poaching, are taken by the keepers, tried at Warwick Assizes, and sentenced to be transported for fourteen years. They are placed on board ship, endure a three month voyage, land in Australia, are taken ashore yoked together like livestock, auctioned to the highest bidder and finally settle down to their fate.   
Whether the events described can be pinned down to one particular occurrence is debatable, but they are so typical of what was happening all over rural England that the song passed into numerous versions with different names and locations.