Subject: RE: Origin of Bedlam Boys From: Anglo Date: 03 Jul 08 - 10:18 AM At least for my reading of the tune, it's Dorian/Aeolian, with no 6th to define it as pure Dorian. Indeed, if I were to introduce a 6th (e.g. as a decorative triplet on the "go" of "they all go bare," I think I would flatten it, making the tune Aeolian minor. |
Subject: RE: Origin of Bedlam Boys From: pavane Date: 03 Jul 08 - 10:10 AM Tune as used by Steeleye Span is credited to Nic Jones |
Subject: RE: Origin of Bedlam Boys From: GUEST,Volgadon Date: 03 Jul 08 - 10:08 AM It's how people in the 18th century pictured madmen. For a good visual, Goya has a painting of an insane asylum. |
Subject: RE: Origin of Bedlam Boys From: curmudgeon Date: 03 Jul 08 - 09:54 AM Dani called this one correctly -- the ravings of a madman. Complete text with lots more verses can be found in Chappell's "Popular Music of the Olden Time." But not all of them scan to the relatively new tune. There were, dating from the Middle Ages, two major insane asylums, St. Mary of Bethlehem (Bedlam) for men and St. Mary Magdalen (Maudlin) for women. At some point, if memory serves me, in the early 18th century, overcrowding resulted in the release of many unfortunates from these institutions. They had no choice but to beg in order to survive. After a while they began to fare better than the sane beggars, some of whom having noticed this, began to feign madness in order to increas e their own take. The tune is pure Dorian, and Jeri's chords work quite well. I play it out of Am chording with capo on the fifth fret, but don't use the (C) F she gives in her setting -- Tom |
Subject: RE: Origin of Bedlam Boys From: GUEST,Dani Date: 03 Jul 08 - 08:36 AM Hi Kendall. It's just madness, my dear. It isn't going to make sense. I'm sure one of our scholars, or someone with more google-time than I can say more, but I've always just figured it was pretty face-value, rooted in someone's observations (experiences?) of pure insanity. Here's one interesting link: http://home.blarg.net/~efreeman/Basement/TOB.html While we're on the subject, anyone know more about this? "But I will find Bonny Maud, merry mad Maud And seek whate'er betides her Yet I will love beneath or above The dirty earth that hides her. " Dani |
Subject: Origin of Bedlam Boys From: kendall Date: 03 Jul 08 - 08:08 AM Jeri, thanks for posting those lyrics. Now, who can explain the lyrics? I know what Bedlam was but the lyrics make no sense to me. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,DROOLER Date: 16 Nov 01 - 01:09 PM Thanks to all who contributed. So much to learn so littel time. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: SINSULL Date: 15 Nov 01 - 06:45 PM Somehow or other I seem to remember hearing InObu do this and prefacing it with a history... |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: Malcolm Douglas Date: 14 Nov 01 - 06:54 PM There is also information in these three earlier discussions (some of it repeated here):
Tom O'Bedlam's Song
The institution is still called Bethlem Royal Hospital; or at least it was in the 1960s and early '70s, when I lived a mile or so from it; I don't recall anyone who didn't work there ever calling it Bedlam, or even, I think, making the connection. It was just an ordinary psychiatric hospital by then, of course. Most of the patients were voluntary, and some of them would turn up in the local pub from time to time; I only once recall any trouble, and that was mostly the fault of one of the locals. I knew one of the administrators, and he used to regale us with stories about his regular late-night trips to the woods to dump all the embarrassing things that the kleptomaniacs (his word) had pinched from places unknown. And there was the time when a patient held an entire ward at gunpoint for some while -until they realised that his gun was actually made out of soap. It had apparantly been a very realistic model, though; the man had talent.
Tame stuff, compared to the old days, and just as well. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: wildlone Date: 14 Nov 01 - 03:01 PM What a great thread. This is what the mudcat is all about. From a simple request comes so much information. dave |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Steve (Winick) Date: 14 Nov 01 - 02:58 PM I agree 100% with Leonard that Robert Graves' reconstructed original is nothing more than a rewrite; as I said, he had really no good evidence for his assumptions. Graves didn't exactly write it himself--it's mostly made up of lines and stanzas from manuscript and broadside versions. But he decided which lines to include and what order the stanzas would go in, etc., based on nothing more than his beloived poet's intuiton. My main point, though, was that the "any food any feeding" version of the song is just as interesting as the "Bedlam Boys are Bonny" version. I'd forgotten about Tania Opland's recording; thanks John! Steve |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: John P Date: 14 Nov 01 - 08:20 AM Anyone who is interested in a recording of a non-Steeleye Span version that uses an older tune and the "while I do sing, any food . . ." etc. lyrics, should look at an album called "Bonnie Rantin' Lassie" by my friend Tania Opland. John Peekstok |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST Date: 14 Nov 01 - 05:23 AM The former Bishopsgate site of the Bethlehem hospital is now Liverpool Street Station. Not much change there then! |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Leonard Date: 14 Nov 01 - 04:55 AM Steve - Robert Graves dosn't have evidence for a lot of things and made all kinds of presumptions, more specious than logical, if you have read The White Goddess you will know this. but Hey ! I like Robert Graves and his works, a great deal. His notion that poets get their poetic gifts from the Muse through unreason and non-logic is fascinating. I think he is sometimes guilty of appropriating stuff that was once in popular currency and "improving" it by translating/rewriting ("reconstructing a lost original" - he probably wrote it himself!) but in doing so he made it accessible. We can all use a bit of mystery, mysticism and imagination and indeed poetry, and to be reminded that we are not necessarily rational creatures and are driven by all sorts of weird things. I also value his connection to the mysteries of place and of the landscape. What a fine chap. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Steve Date: 14 Nov 01 - 03:05 AM Yes, Kitty, that's the Giles Earle His Book version, a bit modernized to have "Still I cry" instead of "Yet will I sing". Or, Possibly, the Robert Graves reconstruction, which uses the same chorus. In some ways it's a more vivid and haunting song than the Steeleye Span/Halliard version. Steve |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Boab Date: 14 Nov 01 - 02:58 AM The version of this song which I found to be the best ever was done by the wee lassie with the big voice--Marilyn Middleton-pollok. [ Just my opinion, of course---] |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: Herga Kitty Date: 14 Nov 01 - 02:50 AM The Songwainers, based in Cheltenham in the 1960s/70s used to sing quite a lot of material from Pills to Purge Melancholy, and the late Dave Stephenson sang a version of Bedlam (which my friend Tim Edwards still sings). It's not the DT Steeleye Span version, and the chorus goes "Still I cry, any food any feeding Feeding,drink or clothing Come dame or maid be not afraid Poor Tom will injure nothing". Kitty |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Steve Date: 14 Nov 01 - 02:32 AM The earliest version of the Bedlam song is, in fact, from 1615, from a manuscript book called Giles Earle, His Book in the collection of the British Library. However, the relationship of this version to the broadside is fairly distant; they do not share any complete lines. The broadside version almost seems to be written in response to the other; in the Giles Earle version, Tom seems to go mad for thinking of Maudlin, while in the broadside version, Maudlin is madly trying to get to Tom. While the choruses are different, both songs have identical metrical structures and the chorus of both begins with the phrase "yet will I sing." So it's pretty clear that there's a tradition of some kind at work. Whether the broadside author was aware of an earlier version and wrote to the same tune, or whether there were still earlier, lost versions that both are descended from, is impossible to know for sure. Robert Graves's belief (for anyone who might be interested) was that there were earlier versions that both the Giles Earle author and the broadside author drew from; he reconstructed a "lost original" that has lines from both. But he had really no good evidence for this. If nothing else, the Giles Earle version offers a great protective blessing: From the Hag and Hungry Goblin That into Rags would rend ye The Spirit that stands by the naked man in the book of moons defend ye |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: nutty Date: 13 Nov 01 - 04:39 PM The broadside shown here is attributed to 1660 and states that it uses "An Old Tune - Tom of Bedlam .... so the tune , if not the song was in circulation long before 1720 click here |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: Joe Offer Date: 13 Nov 01 - 03:08 PM Here's the entry from the Traditional Ballad Index. Apparently, the earliest known text of the song is in Pills to Purge Melancholy (1720) - is this the version we have in the Digital Tradition??? -Joe Offer- Tom a Bedlam (Bedlam Boys)DESCRIPTION: The singer is determined to find her Tom. She describes (his or her) visions. Chorus: "Still I sing bonny boys, bonny mad boys, Bedlam boys are bonny. For they all go bare, and they live by the air...."AUTHOR: unknown EARLIEST DATE: 1720 (Pills to Purge Melancholy) KEYWORDS: madness love separation FOUND IN: Britain(England) REFERENCES (4 citations): Logan, pp. 172-189, "Tom a Bedlam" (there are eight texts in this section; the one labelled "Mad Maudlin" on pp. 181-182 is this one) Chappell/Wooldridge I, pp. 175-178, "Tom a Bedlam" (7 fragmentary texts, at least one of which is this one; 1 tune; the next piece, "Gray's Inn Masque, or Mad Tom, or New Mad Tom of Bedlam," (for which see also BBI, ZN910, "Forth from my sad and darksome cell") appears to be an unrelated literary song, found also in Percy, pp. 344-347, "Old Tom of Bedlam," the first of six "Mad Songs") DT, BEDLMBOY* ADDITIONAL: Walter de la Mare, _Come Hither_, revised edition, 1928; #310, "Tom O'Bedlam" (1 text) ST Log172 (Full) CROSS-REFERENCES: cf. "Nancy's Complaint in Bedlam" (theme) NOTES: The Hospital of St. Mary of Bethlehem (Bedlam), in London, was the first hospital for insane men in England. Magdalene Hospital (Maudlin), mentioned in some versions of the song, was the first hospital for insane women. - PJS "Bedlam songs" seem to have been a phenomenon in the eighteenth century and after. To make matters worse, they all seem to mix and match. Many of Percy's texts, e.g., resemble Logan's, which resemble Chappell's. It's very hard to tell them apart. Under the circumstances, I've listed the most traditional-seeming of the bunch ("Tom a Bedlam") here, and hope cross-references in the "References" field will suffice for the others. Aldington's The Viking Book of Poetry of the English-Speaking World we find a Tom o' Bedlams Song starting From the hag and hungry goblin That into rages would rend ye, And the spirit that stands By the naked man In the book of moons defend ye.... It's not this piece (the chorus is different), but there is undeniable dependence. Aldington attributes the piece to Giles Earle (dates unknown but early seventeenth century). Granger's Index to Poetry, however, lists the author of this as unknown -- and it has plenty of supporting evidence, since it cites 18 different references. Nor does Granger's list any other works by this alleged Earle. - RBW Last updated in version 2.6 File: Log172 Go to the Ballad Search form Go to the Ballad Index Instructions The Ballad Index Copyright 2016 by Robert B. Waltz and David G. Engle. Here are the lyrics we have in the Digital Tradition: BEDLAM BOYS For to see Mad Tom of Bedlam Ten thousand miles I traveled Mad Maudlin goes on dirty toes For to save her shoes from gravel. Still I sing bonny boys, bonny mad boys Bedlam boys are bonny For they all go bare and they live by the air And they want no drink or money. I now repent that ever Poor Tom was so disdain-ed My wits are lost since him I crossed Which makes me thus go chained I went down to Satan's kitchen For to get me food one morning And there I got souls piping hot All on the spit a-turning There I took up a caldron Where boiled ten thousand harlots Though full of flame I drank the same To the health of all such varlets My staff has murdered giants My bag a long knife carries For to cut mince pies from children's thighs And feed them to the fairies The spirits white as lightening Would on me travels guide me The stars would shake and the moon would quake Whenever they espied me No gypsy, slut or doxy Shall win my mad Tom from me I'll weep all night, with stars I'll fight The fray shall well become me And when that I'll be murdering The Man in the Moon to the powder His staff I'll break, his dog I'll shake And there'll howl no demon louder So drink to Tom of Bedlam Go fill the seas in barrels I'll drink it all, well brewed with gall And maudlin drunk I'll quarrel For to see Mad Tom of Bedlam Ten thousand years I have traveled Mad Maudlin goes on dirty toes For to save her shoes from gravel. From Pills to Purge Melancholy Vol IV, D'Urfey (words and tune). @madness recorded by John and Tony on Dark Ships filename[ BEDLMBOY TUNE FILE: BEDLMBOY CLICK TO PLAY BR Please note that the Digital Tradition lyrics are NOT the same as the version found in Pills to Purge Melancholy -Joe- |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Steve Again Date: 13 Nov 01 - 02:15 PM Leonard, Can't be originally a broadside from the 1700s as it appears in manuscript by 1615. But it definitely was printed on many broadsides throughout the period when they were popular. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: LR Mole Date: 13 Nov 01 - 02:06 PM I remember reading once that Bedlam=Bethlehem and Maudlin=Magdalene, both insane asylums. Good story, even if not true. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Leonard Date: 13 Nov 01 - 02:05 PM Joe - no. it's not called Bedlam any more that would be consdered politically incorrect! Herewith more info on Tom O'Bedlam: from the Oxford Companion to English Literature - Tom O'Bedlan, a wandering beggar. After the dissolution of the religious houses (Henry VIII) where the poor used to be relieved, there was for long no settled provision for them. In consequence they wandered over the country many assuming disguises calculated to obtain them charity. Among other disguises, some affected madness and were called Bedlam beggars (see Edgar in Shakespeare's King Lear who adopts this disguise): "Of Bedlam beggars, who, with roaring voices, strike in their numb'd and mortified bare arms Pins, wooden pricks, nails, sprigs of rosemary". In Dekker's "Belman of London 1608" Tom of Bedlam's band of mad caps" are enumerated among these species of beggars. Some of these Bedlam beggars sang mad songs, examples of which are given in Percy's "Reliques". They were also called Abraham-men from the name, it is said, of one of the wards in Bedlam. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Steve (member with a lost Cookie) Date: 13 Nov 01 - 01:59 PM The song is a sixteenth century mendicant's song. There were many quite different versions of the song, only one of which is currently sung to my knowledge. This one is actually told from the point of view of Mad Maudlin, who is Mad Tom O'Bedlam's female counterpart and paramour--just as Bedlam came from the Bethlehem Hospital, Maudlin apparently came from the Mary Magdalene Hospital, a female asylum. The most common versions were clearly asking for money, and "Mad Tom" was apparently just a stereotype of the harmless madman that beggars played to to gain sympathy. Much of what is described is supposed to be the visions of a lunatic--so, there are fairies and elves in the song. But the chorus seems to refer to the lunatics themselves, and to the fact that they go naked, live outdoors, and need neither liquor nor money--perhaps mentioned as a prelude to begging for food. Your best reference source is probably the book "Loving Mad Tom" by Robert Graves, Jack Lindsay and Peter Warlock. The tune usually used (by Steeleye Span and others) was put together by Nic Jones and Dave Moran in their band The Halliard, in the early 70s. |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: Joe Offer Date: 13 Nov 01 - 01:49 PM I found somewhere else that "Bedlam" and "Bethlem" were common variants of "Bethlehem" in Middle English, and that the full name of the hospital was "St. Mary of Bethlehem" (later Bethlem Royal Hospital). I've known since I was a kid that "bedlam" meant any place or condition of noise and confusion - but I didn't find out until a few years ago that Bedlam had been a mental hospital. The fascinating site Wildlone linked to says the hospital was founded as a priory for monks in 1247. A page the site says the hospital hospital moved to a new site in Beckenham, Kent, in the late 1920s, and is still operating today. Is it still called Bedlam? -Joe Offer- |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,Leonard Date: 13 Nov 01 - 01:45 PM "Mad Tom's Song" appears in many anthologies of English poetry "The Rattle Bag," editors, Seamus Heaney and Ted Hughes, being one, and the author is always listed as Anonymous. The version in the Rattle Bag is given as "a version by Robert Graves." "Tom O'Bedlams Song" is regarded as one of the greatest Elizabthan anoymous poems.That said, I believe this is a Broadside ballad from the 1700's. Bedlam was a lunatic asylum or more properly a prison, in London. Bedlam is a contraction of Bethelehem after the Priory of St Mary of Bethlehem outside Bishopgate founded in 1247. It began to receive lunatics in 1377. It was given to the city of London by Henry VIII in 1547. In 1676 it was transferred to Moorfields and became one of the sights of London where "for twopence anyone might gaze at the poor wretches and bait them" It was a place for (sexual) assignation and one of the disgraces of 17C London. "All that I can say of Bedlam is this: 'tis an almshouse for madness, a showing room for harlots, a sure market for lechers, a dry walk for loiterers" (The London Spy 1698)In 1815 Bedlam was moved to St Georges Fields, Lambeth, the present site of the Imperial War Museuem when in 1931 the occupants were moved to West Wickham. A "Tom 0'Bedlam" is a mendicant who levies charity opon the plea of insanity. In the 16c and 17c many harmless inmates of Bedlam were let out to beg and such a beggar was known as an Abram-Man. The content of the poem is concerned with the delusions of Mad Tom. Incidentally, Robert Graves is worth checking out for his restoration of a 17C fragmentary text sung by English North Country Witches at their Sabbaths, called "The Allansford Pursuit." |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: wildlone Date: 13 Nov 01 - 12:55 PM For info on Bedlam Click here dave |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: wildlone Date: 13 Nov 01 - 12:51 PM The Hospital was the Bethlehem hospital in London. It was a hospital or asylum for "lunatics". I believe that the Maudsley? hospital stands on the site of bedlam. Many years ago I was an enrolled nurse in a hospital for mental handicap. dave |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: nutty Date: 13 Nov 01 - 12:49 PM Its here in the DT BEDLAM BOYS |
Subject: RE: Help: BEDLAM BOYS From: Clinton Hammond Date: 13 Nov 01 - 12:44 PM I seem to recall reading on a Steeleye Span web site that it was based on an actual asylum somewhere... there are other threads about this subject that I'm sure a more resourceful catter could probably find for ya! ;-) |
Subject: BEDLAM BOYS From: GUEST,DROOLER Date: 13 Nov 01 - 12:41 PM What is the history of this song? Was there really a Mad Tom of Bedlam? The Chorus, "They all go bare and live by the air and they want no drink or money" are they pixies or elves? Forgive me, I do not have the words in a format that I can post so I am depending on the "experts" to assist me. Click for lyrics in Digital Tradition |
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